Automatic domestic dishwasher



July 14, 1953 Filed Sept. 29, 1947 Ill E. F. WHEELER 35 AUTOMATIC DOMESTIC DISHWASHER l5 Sheets-Sheet l VENTOR.

July 14, 1953 E. F. WHEELER 7 2,645,235

AUTOMATIC DOMESTIC DISHWASHER Filed Sept. 29, 1947 15 Sheets-Sheet 2 Elril N V EN TOR.

Jdly 14, 1953 Filed Sept. 29, 1947 E. F. WHEELER AUTOMATIC DOMESTIC DISHWASHER 15 Sheets-Sheet I5 IN ENTOR.

E. F. WHEELER AUTOMATIC DOMESTIC DISHWASHER July 14, 1953 Filed Sept. 29, 1947 15 Sheets-Sheet 4 QIN V EN TOR.

July 14-, 1953 E. F. WHEELER AUTOMATIC DOMESTIC DISHWASHER l5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Sept. 29, 1947 N$- \h mg m3 m2 9% m N R Q N 1 n E mQ .:i P; mi M Q! QQ MI;

.3 \& a! n n| 5 kn N flu n u J 05 :EC H U M 3 E j 1 i u c mm G July 14, 1953 E. F. WHEELER AUTOMATIC DOMESTIC DISHWASHER l5 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Sept. 29, 1947 I -VVENTOR.

Jl ily' 14, 1953 E. F. WHEELER AUTOMATIC DOMESTIC DIsmv-Asuga 15 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Sept. 29. 1947 III INVENTO July 14, 1953 E. F. WHEELER 5,

AUTOMATIC DOMESTIC DISHWASHER Filed Sept. 29, 1947 15 Sheets-Sheet s y 1953 E. F. WHEELER AUTOMATIC DOMESTIC DISHWASHER l5 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed Sept. 29. 1947 E QINVIHVTOR.

y 4, 1953 E. F. WHEELER AUTOMATIC DOMESTIC DISHWASHER l5 Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed Sept. 29. 1947 INVENTOR.

m 14, 1953 E, F, WHEELER 2,645,235

AUTOMATIC DOMESTIC DISHWASHER Filed Sept. 29, 1947 15 Sheets-Sheet 11 E. F. WHEELER AUTOMATIC DOMESTIC DISHWASHER July 14, 1953 1s Sheeis-Sheet 12 Filed Sept. 29. 1947 f QVVENTOR.

July 14, 1953 E. F. WHEELER ,6

AUTOMATIC DOMESTIC DISHWASHER Filed Sept. 29, 1947 r 15 Sheets-Sheet 13 V EN TOR.

July 14, 1953 E. F, WHEELER AUTOMATIC DOMESTIC DISHWASHER 15 Sheets-Sheet 15 Filed Sept. 29, 1947 RUN PDLOT R Q41 5? sTmT l LOT START STOP RI n 11 SI 11 ll STARTER 10 LATCH PUMP MOT I.

/\A/ A HEATER CONTKCIDK.

' WATER SOLENOID oPzns anew I68'F.

MSTL SOLENOID CYCLE TIMING SCHEDULE DRYING WATER ll NSE WAS CYCLE sTAm' WATEILWASHING WAsTE PERIODS Tl -XXX XXX- - TIMING AbOVE. DENOTES MmuTssQ SECONDS. INVENTOR- AFTER. LNERGIZA'TION OF TmElz. MOTOL'T'. m comAcTs "Ti" ;'Ta"AnE smcus. PoLE,DOUbLE THROW. omu. councns Au smeLE PoLE, SINGLE THROW.

- DEuoTEs CONTACTS m OPEN Posmou.

X DENOTLS CONTACTS IN CLOSED POSITIGN.

Patented July 14, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT QFFliCE 2,645,235 AUTOMATIC DOMESTIC DISHWASHER Edwin F. wheelerfBaltimore, Application September 29, 1947, Serial N0. 776,649

This invention relates to .a domestic .type. dish washing machine, whichhasas its principal .object, operation completely automatic through .all the cycles necessary to satisfactorily wash dishes, tableware, pots and pans, clean and sanitary. This object is accomplished by providing electrical equipment in a new and novel combination, which in turn automatically controls electrical and mechanical .partsflof the machine sothat all cycles ofoperation are automatically accomplished after the manual actuationofa single electrical start button.

Another object of this machine is to provide safety means which will prevent operationof the machine unless the top or cover ismechanical-ly locked tight, and willalso .preventopening of the cover while the machineis in operation. "This safety means includes .manually actuated mechanical coverlocks andan electrically operated cover lock, of special design.

Another principal object of this machine is to provide means to circulate the washing and rinsing water within the machine in such 'manner that the said water will be forced under pressure through various tubes or pipes, which will in turn direct this water washing 'means against the dishes, tableware, pots and'ipans in the most effective cleansing .method.

Still another object of this machine 'istoprovide automatic means of controlling the'correct amount of water injected into the'machine'atthe proper time, and automatically'heating this water to the proper temperature necessary to accomplish the most satisfactory washing means.

A further object of this machine isto provide automatic means to discharge washing orrins-ing water from the machine at the correct time, and discharge such water directly into the waste line of the plumbing systemof the house.

Another object is to provide a compact dish washing machine, neat in appearance, yet so constructed and assembled that parts which periodically require cleaning can easily and quickly be disassembled and removed, andreassembled, without special technical or mechanical knowledge or skill, by the average layman or housewife.

A further object of this machine is to'provide automatic means of controlling the circulation of hot air within the machine during the drying cycle, and automatically heating this air to the proper temperaturenecessary to accomplish the most satisfactory drying means.

Another principal object of this machine 15 to provide a novel means of automatically rotating the dish basket or container so that it will gradually accelerate in speed duringthe washing and rinsing cycles of the machine, and gradually decelerate in speed during the drying cycle. The purpose of this kind of rotation 1s to assure 6"Claims. (ema l-5s) that all surfaces .of objects to be washed will be thoroughly cleansed.

Still another object of this machine is to. ro-

,videa .dish..basket .asscmbly. compact and novel inldesign which will accommodate all the ;conventional dishes and tableware required to ,serv- .ice .up .to a twelve persons, .and which will, also accommodateall .thepots and.,pans required .to

-cook the meal forsuc'h a service.

A still further object is to provide Za dish -.washing. machine .Whichcan belconstruct'ed by .use of modern production manufacturing .methods .at comparatively low-cost.

,Allof ,the above objects.andnovelfeatures of construction and invention v.w'illappear as .the following description proceeds,.-substantiated by .the accompanied drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a front perspective view of the machine Fig. .2 is .a .partial sectional elevation view taken ,fromlthe right side of the machine;

Fig. '3is a frontelevation view of the upper ,portionof themafchine taken with the top or .cover opened -at..,ni-ne,ty degrees from the "horizontal;

Fig. 4 is a.bottom plan-view of thema'chine taken. along the line .4 4 .of. Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is .a .partia1.sectional elevation view of ,the .upper, portion of the machine 1 taken through water ejector .tube shown on"theileft the machine'from theleft front, along theline 5-5 of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is asectional view through the vertica side of Fig.5;

.Fig. '7 is va side elevation view of the vertical water ejector :tube .shown 'onthe right side of .Fig. 5 and. thelow "temperature-thermostat ad- ;jacen't thereto, taken along the line 1- of Fig.8 is a plan and front elevation view of the supporting bracket for each vertical water-ejector Isembly, taken substantially along the line l 5-l 5 of Fig. 16: and showing the associated 6 housing, ,for these parts, in section;

Fig.;16 isaright side elevation view of Fig. 15

, showing lockhousing in section;

\ 'Fig. 17 is a 'side'elevation view of a portion of 3 the electrical lock assembly taken along the line ll-l'l of Fig.15;

Fig. 18 is a sectional view of a portion of the electrical lock assembly taken along the line Ill-l8 of Fig.

Fig. 19 is an enlarged sectional View of the assembly of parts associated with the water pump, taken substantially through the center line of the machine, as viewed from the right side of the machine as in Fig. 2;

Fig. 20 is a bottom plan view of the water pump impeller taken in the direction of line 20-20 of Fig. 19;

Fig. 21 is a partial sectional side view of the water pump impeller taken along the line 2 l-Zl of Fig. 20;

Fig. 22 is a bottom plan view of the lower basket pump impeller taken in the direction of line 20-20 of Fig. 19;

Fig. 23 is a front elevation of the basket impeller shaft as viewed in Fig. 19, and including inserted sections to show details of construction;

Fig. 24 is a bottom plan view of the assembly of the upper basket impeller and its associated impelling clutch taken in the direction of line 24-24 of Fig. 19;

Fig. 25 is a bottom plan view of the upper basket impeller shaft bearing cap taken in the direction of line 24-24 of Fig. 19;

Fig. 26 is a sectional view of the upper portion of the water pump housing taken along the line 24-24 of Fig. 19;

Fig. 27 is a front elevation view of the complete basket assembly;

Fig. 28 is a plan view of Fig. 2'7;

Fig. 29 is a front elevation view of the basket support casting as also viewed in Fig. 27;

Fig. 30 is a plan view of Fig. 29;

Fig. 31 is a front elevation view of the lower basket of the basket assembly as also viewed in Fig. 27;

Fig. 32 is a plan view of Fig. 31;

Fig. 33 is a partial sectional elevation view taken along the line 33-33 of Fig. 32;

Fig. 34 is a front elevation view of the upper basket of the basket assembly as also viewed in Fig. 27;

Fig. 35 is a plan view of Fig. 34;

Fig. 36 is a partial sectional elevation view taken along the line 36-36 of Fig. 35;

Fig. 37 is a partial sectional elevation view taken along the line 31-31 of Fig. 35;

Fig. 38 is an elementary schematic electrical diagram of the electrical equipment which automatically controls the operation of this dish washing machine;

Fig. 39 is a cycle timing schedule which indicates the progressive actuation of the contacts of the timer in relation to the cycle periods of the automatic operation of this dish washing machine.

In explanation of the drawings, the figures have been produced from full scale drawings and are drawn to scale, except Figs. 38 and 39. Figs. 12, 13 and 14 are full scale, Figs. 9, 10, 11, and Figs. 15 to 26 inclusive are one-half scale, and the balance of the figures are one-quarter scale.

Referring to the drawings, this dish washing machine, (referred to hereinafter as the machine) includes the following major parts; the washing tank 40; tank cover 4!; lower enclosure in four pieces 42, 43, 44 and 45; tank supporting legs 46; rubber leg boots 41; machine supporting plate 48; electric pump motor 49; water pump housing 50 and associated cover 5| and gasket 52; waste solenoid valve assembly 53; water solenoid valve assembly 54; dish basket assembly 55; vertical water ejector tubes 56, 51, 58 and 59; Water ejector cone 60; and the automatic electrical control assembly enclosed in enclosure 6!.

The general assembly of the machine is such that it is compact in design, neat in appearance, and occupies a comparatively small amount of space for a machine of this kind. The tank 40 has a supporting structure consisting of the four curved heavy sheet steel legs 46, which are welded to the said tank 40 and to the heavy circular machine supporting plate 48. The said plate 48 also supports the electric operating motor 49. The said water pump housing 50 is supported by the said tank 40 and attached thereto by means of the housing flange and bolts, with the gasket 52 used to make the connection watertight. The bottom of the said tank 40 is reinforced by a heavy plate 40', which is welded to the tank 40, and has tapped holes to support the water pump housing 50. The said legs 46 extend below the said plate and are provided with rubber boots 4'! used to protect the surface of the area on which the machine rests. Most of the operating parts are located below the tank 40, as shown on the drawings, and these parts are covered and enclosed by the four lower enclosure pieces 42, 43, 44 and 45, which are screwed in place to the said legs 46 and individually removable to gain access to the said operating parts. The outside contours of these four lower enclosure pieces when assembled are similar to the said tank 40, so that they present the appearance of being a continuation and part of the said tank, as shown in Fig. l. The machine when installed in the home, is designed to be permanently connected to the hot water line and waste line of the plumbing system, preferably adjacent to the sink in the kitchen or kitchenette.

The tank 40, made of stainless steel or porcelain covered steel, has curved sides so designed that the inside dimensions across the diagonals are similar, but of greater width than from side to sideof the machine. This design allows space to accommodate the four said water ejector tubes 56, 51, 58 and 59, so that they can be located close to the basket; although these additional spaces do not increase the width and depth of the machine to effect the amount of floor space required for the machine as a whole.

The bottom of the tank 40 slopes uniformly from its inside walls toward the center, so that the water will naturally drain by gravity into the water pump housing 50. The areas of the tank bottom which are directly under the four said water ejector tubes 56, 51, 58 and 59, are fiat to provide supporting and attaching means for the associated ejector tube supporting castings hereinafter described in detail.

Completely around the circumference of the top of the tank 40, is attached a heavy rubber gasket 62 moulded in one piece, which functions as a means to make the connection between the tank 40 and its cover 4| (in closed position) watertight.

The tank cover 4| has the same shape as the tank 40, but uniformly greater in dimension, and has turned down edges which neatly fit over the top of the rubber gasket 62, when in closed position. The cover M is equipped with two hinge assemblies 63 and 64, located at the back of the machine, and two mechanical lock assemblies 65 and 66, located at the front. These two said hinge assemblies are similar in design, but differ vsembly 65 of the cover.

rea e in shapenecessitated by' the difierentcontoursf the-surfaces of the portions of thetank, a'nd=cover to which each hinge is attached. 'Ihissamemondition is true in reference to the two-said mechanical lock assemblies; inasmuch as they are located in linewith the-said hingeassembliesgand equidistant from the center '-line-of the machine from front to back.

Referring specifically tol Figs.'9,-l0and'l'lgzthese "enlarged views show details :of construction :in

Referring specifically to Figs. 12, 13 and T14,

these enlarged views show details 'of construction in reference to the left-handmechanicallockias- This :lock includes 'the bracket II which is screwed, riveted or welded to the outside of the tank 40,-the handlenwhich :is riveted to the saidxbracket by meanssofzthexpivot rivet 1.3, the latch I4 which is riveted to the-said handle by means of the latch rivet 75; the latch pin I5, and the catch'Il which is screwed,- riveted or welded to the top of the --cover=:4I. Referring to Fig. 14, the assembly 65 is shown inlocked position. In this position the latch rivet 'I5' is "over the center line in reference tothe handle pivoting'rivet I3, which condition naturally holds the handle I2 against'the bracket 7 I due to the opposing force exerted by the'rubber gasket fl in compression against the cover 4I. 'In order :to unlock the assembly-G5, the handled-2 is pulled to the left. As soon as the latch'rivet IS'has passed the pivot rivet E3, the latch 14 and its pin TIfi raises up out of engagement with the catch 11; then when the handle I2 is pulledto the left and rotates (in reference to its pivot rivet 13) -sufiiciently, the latch pin I6 and'catch I'I becomefully disengaged; after which'thetop of the latch His grasped and pulled to the left away from the catch 1! so that the cover II .can thereby be opened. A glance at the drawings will quickly disclose that the right-hand lock assembly-$65 is designedsimilar to'the described left-hand lock assembly, but necessarily different .in :shape.

However, the operation of the right-handlock as- T sembly E6 is exactly .as described above for the left-hand lock assembly 65.

Referring to Figs. 15, 16,.17 and.l8,the electrical cover lock is shown in .detail. .ltflincludes the catch "I8 which is screwed, riveted orwwelded to the top of'the cover .at the front center-line thereof; the latch I9 which is pivoted to thelangle brackets 80 and .SI .by means of the pivotpin 82; the electrical solenoid assembly consisting :ofxthe frame 83, plunger 84, solenoid coil 85, drive links;

.86 and 81, latch roller 88, rollerpin.8.9, linkspin 90, coil washerSI, plunger extension92 to which is attached an insulator'93 by means/of thescrew 94, and amovable contact .95 which isattachedrto the said insulator 93 by meansofthe square pin .96 and cotter pini91. The two stationary contacts -98 and 99 associatedwith the movablecontact 95 are attached to the insulator board I00, which in turnisscrewed in place to themetal supporting plate .l-ol. -Aninsulator-is placed behind the- 75.;zhousing :III. ,Theesaid: .pilot1ight';SP-has;a; reen gaged with. the hole -I.-02 of the .catch 11.8.

trol assembly enclosure 6 I.

board I 00-in order to insulate the vari'ous elect ric current carrying screws attached to the f board -I00. This set --of contacts is indicated :as :C'I 'in FigJ 38. lhesolenoid framed? .and brackets and 8 I are also attached tothe plate till! ;by:means of screws. The plate IIlI is riveted or'welded in --place to the outside front of the tanks-I0, and has sufficient thickness .to. permit holes'to be tapped therein :Ifor-mounting screwsof ithe various parts attachedthereto.

- :The electrical cover .l0ok,"as described above,.:is

shown in locked position jinaFigs. 15;and;16,.;with the coil energizedandzthewplunger :attracted :magnetically up .into theiframe flil. As the drive links 86;and:81and latch*ro'ller;88 are attached ;:together. as: an :assemblywith the plungeriM, ,t-he

:saidcroller .88 is hearing against .the bottom of :t-he ;latch:.IB,.;the upper portion of which is en- .This .electrical cover lock cannot automatically .func- .tion nnless the two-mechanical locks ;.6.5 and 166 .of .the coverll have previously .been manually .placedxin locked position, after which .thesaid cover 4| :cannot be opened-as long .as the .said

electrical cover lockrfunctions. Thissafetypurpose is accomplished through the mediumof a set ofnormally-open.electrical contacts which are closedassoonas the cover 4| has been mechanically locked. When this -occurs,.the :bottom edge. of the catch I8 bears down .againstthe insulator bar I03, which is {held in position-as shown in Figs. 15 and 18, and themovable contact-I04 .of the said normally-open electrical contacts attached beneath the bar I03, makes contact with its associated stationary contacts I05 and 106,

which in turnareattached to the insulatorsupports IIJI and 108, respectively. These supports I01 and IOB-arein turn attached to the-plate IOI, with insulators I09 andlIDQrespectively, interveni-ng in order-to insulatethe current carry- ,ing' parts of the assembly. .Fig. l7 discloses details of the right-hand stationary contact .as-

:sembly. The left-hand assembly is similar in .-ing..I II, neat in appearance and of pleasing design, .is provided to-completely enclose the electricalclock assembly, a conventional type of electricalcontrol station H2, and two conventional types of pilot. lights S-Pand RP. vThis station in- '.cludes a normally-open set of contacts operable by astartbutton I I3 andtwo normally-closed sets of contacts simultaneously operable by a stop button I I4. Two-.multi-wire rubber covered cables I I5 and III; are used to electrically connect the station -I I2 and electrical lock assembly, "respec- -tively, a disconnectingcap Ill and plug H8; and another multi-wire rubber covered cable I I9 .connects from the said plug 1 I8, through a rubber bushing 7 I20, to. the automatic electrical con- This disconnecting means for the station I I2 is to allow removal of the housing I-I I,=.w-hich is attached in place to ithetstuds I2I by means of thescrews I22. .The

.cstuds IZI are screwedinrplace toythe plate IOI.

An-oblong hole I23 having a .rubber washer I24 ;is provided at the-top of housing III, through which the catch I8 enters when the cover AI .is

closed. LThe/said rubber-washerIM provides a :watertight;connection between the catch l8vand 7 colored lens, and when lighted indicates the effective operation of the start relay during the start 'cycle of the machine operation. The said pilot light RP has a red colored lens, and when lighted indicates that the machine is in normal running operation.

One of the main principles of operation of this machine involves the unique method of circulating water, used in both cycles of washing and rinsing, by means of a water pump, which is so designed that its associated parts and the said water combines to hydraulically drive and rotate the dish basket assembly 55.

Referring to Figs. 19 to 26 inclusive, the water pump assembled in the casting or housing 50, includes the water pump impeller I25, impeller drive shaft I26, which is connected to the electric pump motor 49 through a conventional flexible coupling I21, and the housing cover I which includes the oil-impregnated bronze bushing I28, thrust bearing I29, watertight packing I30 and packing nut I3I. These parts comprise the portion of the pump which circulates the washing and rinsing water through the machine.

The hot water line of the plumbing system is directly connected to the water valve 54, which is connected by pipe fittings to the water inlet I32 of the pump housing 50. Also, the waste outlet I33 is directly connected, preferably through a grease trap, to the waste line of the plumbing system. During two of the cycles of operation of the machine, each prior to the washing cycle and the rinsing cycle, a suificient amount of water enters the machine by the automatic opening of the water valve 54. The amount of water required is such that its level must be maintained just below the bottom of the basket assembly 55 during the water circulation, which is as follows:

The water passes through the strainer I34, hole I35, and thrust bearing I36, and through the holes I31 of the lower basket pump impeller I38, into the pump impeller chamber I39, where it is picked up by the rotating pump impeller blades I and forced out through the pump outlets I4 I, I42, I43 and I44, into the brass pump tubes I45, I46, I41 and I48, respectively, thence through the vertical brass Water ejector tubes 56, 51, 58 and 59, respectively. A greater portion of the water thus forced into each said ejector tube is expelled at high pressure through the numerous ejector holes in the tubes, such as I49, which are so located as to direct the expelled water in the most efiicient manner against the contents of the dish basket assembly 55. A smaller portion of the water forced into the said vertical ejector tubes passes through the top of each tube into the smaller diameter horizontal brass tubes I50, I5I, I52 and I53, respectively, all of which converge into the cone fitting I54, and ejector cone '66 which in turn expells the thus accumulated water through its ejector holes I55 and down over the top of the contents of the basket assembly 55. The combination of ejected streams of water from all the ejector holes I49 and I55 is designed to completely reach all surfaces of dishes, tableware, pots or pans which have been placed in the machine to be washed. Naturally all water ejected, as described above, falls to the bottom of the tank 40, and is re-circulated in the same manner until the pump motor stops rotating.

It will be noted that each vertical water ejector tube encloses a conventional cartridge type immersion electric heater I56, such as shown in Fig. 6. These heaters are obtained as an assembly including the immersion tube I51 sealed into a pipe threaded fitting I58 at the top and having an electrical connection junction box I59 at the bottom. Electrical rubber covered cables connect these boxes I59 to the control assembly enclosure 6 I. These heaters I56 automatically heat the water to a predetermined temperature of approximately 170 deg. F., during the two water flowing cycles and two water circulating cycles of the machine operation, as hereinafted explained. These heaters also function automatically during the other cycles of the machine, but are then controlled to maintain a predetermined air temperature of approximately 140 deg. F., as hereinafter explained.

Referring to Figs. 5, 6 and '1, it will be noted that two specially designed castings are provided to connect the water pump tubes I45, I46, I41 and I48 to the vertical water ejector tubes 56, 51, 58 and 59, respectively. The lower castings I60, I6I, I62 and I63, respectively, provide screw type hubs I64, I65, I66 and I61, respectively, for connections to the said water pump tubes, and also provide similar type hubs I68, I69, I10 and Ill, respectively, for connection of the immersion electric heaters I56. The upper castings I12 are bolted to the said lower castings through appropriate holes in the bottom of the blank 40, and these connections are made watertight by means of the gaskets I13. The said upper castings have watertight tapered holes into which are inserted the said vertical water ejector tubes, as shown in detail in Fig. 6. These upper castings also include integrally casted roller supports, such as I14 which support the rollers I15 by means of the hardened steel roller pins I16. These rollers are preferably made of oil-impregnated bronze to make them self-lubricating, and are used to support the basket assembly 55.

Figs. 4 and '1 also show the preferred location of the low temperature thermostat LT which is attached in a hole of the tank 40 by means of the hexagon head male screw base I11 furnished as a part of this conventional electrical device, which is screwed into a female threaded hub I16 placed on the inside of the tank. A circular gasket I13 is furnished for watertight connection similar to the said gaskets I13, except in shape. This thermostat is used to control the air temperature within the machine during the drying cycle, and is adjustable in degrees Fahrenheit by means of the screw I19. This adjustment is set so that its associated contacts open below 140 deg. F. and close above 142 deg. F. so that the air temperature can thus be maintained at what is considered the best temperature for dryin dishes, tableware, pots, pans and like objects. This device electrically connects to the electrical control assembly enclosure H by means of a conventional rubber covered twowire cable.

It will also be noted that specially designed castings I are welded to the top of each vertical water ejector tube, and are provided with extended sides I8I which are used for bolted connections to brackets I82, which are in turn welded to the inside surface of the tank 40. This construction allows each ejector tube 56, 51, 58 and 59 to be easily and quickly removed from the machine for cleaning purposes, merely by removing the thumb screws I83 and by pulling the tube assemblies up and out of the tapered holes in the top of the upper castings I12. The said castings I80 are also provided with rubber socket joints I84 intowhich snugly fit brass ball socket extensions I85 of fittings: I86; from which" the horizontaltubes I50; I.5I, I52and, I53 extend and connect to the cone fitting; I54: The design and construction of the fittings I86 and I54 includes extended sides similar to I8 I- of casting-s ['85]; which are alsoi used for thumb-- screw bolt connections to supporting-plates I81- and I88, respectively, which arein turn weldedinplaceto the inside surface of the-tank covert 4!. This construction allows-(the fittings- I85- and IE4 and their interconnected horizontal tubes I50, I5I,. I52 and I53, to' be'easily, and quickly unbolted. and completely removed from the. cover 4| for cleaning; purposest. Inasmuch as the said horizontal tubes have: tapered -ends; they can also be easily and. quickly disconnected: from their associatedrfittings l8fi an'd'l54, after. the complete assembly has been removed fromv the-cover. The water ejector cone 60-can= also be easily and quickly unscrewed. fromthercone fitting; I54 for cleaning purposes.

It will be noted thatthepumptubes I45,- I45; I41: and: I48: are-provided with compression type screw fittings I89; which act as an easy andquick means of. disconnection from the hubs I34; J55, I56 and I 63, respectively, and from the: hubs. of the pump outlets I' l-I, I42; I43 and I44 respectively; so thatthey-can beremoved. and separately cleaned.

It will also be noted: that theelectric immersionheaters I56, can be easily andrquickly removed from the castings I60; I6I-,. I62-and I63; by first disconnecting the electrical connections-withinthe junction. boxes I59; then by, unscrewing the threaded fittings I58; so that any; or all of these heaters I56 can be removed for separate clean-' ing; orreplacement if they become" defective.

Itcanreadily be seen from the-previous description: that all parts through which thewatern circulates, can be easily and quickly removed; periodicallyv by theaveragelayman or housewifefor cleaning purposes; and aseach-group of-.the different parts is exactly identical in construc tionr they are interchangeable; and nozeffort 'isi required to replace each. part into its-previous location in the machine: These-featurescarry outtwo of the'inventors objects; (1) easy-clean ing of parts, and (2) constructionv and manu facture of parts on a-production" basis at contparatively low cost.

Referring specifically to Figs; 19" to 26; inelusive, the-ffollowingt isai detailzdescriptionota the unique and novel" method of hydraulically rotating the basket assembly 55 which is a principal object and claimed as a: part of this invention. l't is-believed by the inventor; that-in order to completely and thoroughly: clean dishes; tableware, pots or pans or like-objects in a 'dish washing machine Of this type, for household" domestic use, the said objects to beclea-ned; and hereinafter referredto as contents of. the basket assembly 55; must be rotated at-agradual accelerated speed during the washing and rinsing cycles of the machine operation; and must-be rotated at a gradual decelerated speed during the drying or last cycle of operation. It is also believed by'the inventorthat such type of basket assembly rotation should not-be a'ccomplish'ed'bya direct gear, chain and sprocket, orothenmechanical means; which would possibly cause damage to parts of the machine, in the event that any part or'p'arts of the contents of" the basket assembly 55" becomes displaced and" jams be tween the rotating" basket assemb1y'55 andother rotating; the: basket assembly-- 55; includes the followin parts: .the low'er basket pump; impeller I38- is centrally: positioned directly above the pump: impeller I; an'd'is connected: to the-up per basket impeller I90; by'the= basketimpeller Thebot tom. endiotxthezsaid shaft I9I pivotsinside the top end? of the impeller drive shaft I26, While; 'the top of the enlarged diameter: portiorh. I92 of the said: shaft I9-I fitsinto the-oil-impregnated.

stationary-parts of themachine; Such a direct mechanical means of rotation would constitute aw hazardous condition, and would-also defeat one of the-objects of this invention, namely low cost 1 of: manufacture,-, inasmuch as this undesirable mechanical means of rotation: would be com plicated: and costly toproduce:

Referring; to-Fig; 19, the hydraulic method of shaft I91 showninxdetail in Fig. 23.

bronze bearing; I93"; which fits: tightlyin theibearingjcap I94; which in" turn fits'into thetop;- portionl I 9510f::the:housing.- 50;' The'upper square: portion I96 0f thesaid: shaft I9I fits into the? center of the upper basket impeller I in like;

manner as the lower square portion I 91* fits into -the center of the lower basket pump impeller I38: The round itop extremity I38 of I the said shaft I9I"fitsinto: the oil-impregnated: bronze-- bushing. I99; which in turn fits tightly intothe centerof the basket support: casting.v 2'90. order that-the-entire basket impeller assemblydescribed above;v may turn independently. andfreely-in reference-to the water: pumps-impeller I25,:thrustbearings-2I3I-,: 2-02, I36: andl-2ll3 arepositioned: asshown in the reference-drawing;

It will be 'noted that the thrust bearing-l36 is;- des-igned-sd as not to interfere with the vflov. of water through" theholes I31 of thelower'basket All of the said thrustbearpumpimpeller I38; ings are? of the conventional. ground: type. with ball retainers which are not'shown in. order tosimplify the drawing.-

It will be noted in- Figa- 19' and23; that: the

basket impeller shaft I-9I isso. designedthat its associated parts can: be-easily andquicklydis assembled therefrom; .fromeither end, inasmuch asthe-enlarged diameter portion I92 is located I near thervertical' center oftheshaft I9-I asalwhole, and: the said portion I92, having the greatest-cross-section, can sustain-the maximum strain on thesaid shaftlSI at its :pivot andzbca-re' ing points within thelbearing I93.-

'lhe-methodiused in this invention todrive or rotate: thezbasket impeller assembly as --clescribed above;v is similar to? the-hydraulic coupling prim-- ciple; but differs in thedesign-of the included.-

parts; which purposefullyla-re designed: tflfallOW greatenslip'page between the" driver (pump im-- pellerr I25) andadriven (lower basket pump ims p'eller- I38) parts. This;greaterslippa'ge-is necessary in the: operation ofith'isrmachine, inasmuch as the pump: impeller- I 25: must rotate at high speed"(1:725 R1 PLM.) to exertthenece'ssary pressure I for. the-water circulation; while thelower:

basket pump impeller '-I 38-: needs" only to v rotate at comparatively low' speed in a'g-radual-ly accelerated 'motionz. The-design ofthe pum'p ini pell'er; a's show'n in Fiigsz 'l9y2o and: 2-1, isasuch:

that its blades I'40'Iare shapedxto draw water into" the centerfp'ortion ofithe saidcinrpeller I25; and:

curved'i a't the extremities 'of theblades I lflj so as be!" I39"- dica 

